| Dicotyledon | Literature for Xanthium strumarium
Lorence & Wagner, 2020. Literature for Xanthium strumarium var. canadense Wagner et al., 1990, 1999. |
| Asteraceae -- The Sunflower Family | Bibliography |
| Xanthium strumarium | |
Common name(s): cocklebur, kikania |
| General Information | ||
|---|---|---|
| Distribution | Probably native to the New World, now a cosmopolitan weed.In the Hawaiian Islands, naturalized on Midway, Ni`ihau, Kaua`i, O`ahu, Moloka`i, Lana`i, Maui, Kaho`olawe, Hawai`i. |
|
| Habitat | Dry disturbed habitats | |
| Habit |
Herb, 2‒20 dm tall, appressed pubescent or subglabrous. |
|
| Leaves |
Leaves petiolate; blade broadly ovate to reniform, 2‒8 cm long, 1.5‒10 cm wide, scabrous and glandular dotted, margin coarsely and irregularly toothed, base usually cordate; petiole 1.5‒10 cm long. |
|
| Flowers |
Heads in several to numerous short axillary inflorescences. |
|
| Fruit |
Burs broadly cylindrical to ovoid, ellipsoid, or sometimes subglobose, (1‒)1.5‒3.5 cm long, covered with stout, hooked prickles, terminated by 2 straight or incurved beaks. |
|
| Chromosomes |
2n = 36. |
|
| Contributor |
Nancy Khan |
