Literature for Vicia sativa Wagner et al., 1990, 1999. Literature for Vicia sativa subsp. nigra Wagner et al., 1990, 1999.
Fabaceae -- The Pea Family	Bibliography
Vicia sativa

General Information
Distribution	Native to Europe, widely introduced as a fodder plant.
Habit	Climbing annual herbs up to 8 dm long, pubescent.
Leaves	Leaflets 6-16, opposite, linear, lanceolate to oblong or obcordate, 6-20(-30) mm long, (1-)4-12 mm wide, pubescent, apex acute to emarginate and mucronate, stipules ovate-acuminate, 3-5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, with a purple nectary, usually with a dentate lateral lobe sometimes longer than the main body.
Flowers	Flowers axillary, 1-2(-4) in condensed racemes; calyx teeth subequal, shorter to longer than the tube, lower 3 teeth with a conspicuous yellowish brown nectary; corolla reddish purple, 10-30 mm long, standard usually paler than wings and keel; style dorsoventrally flattened, bearded below the stigma along the abaxial side, apex encircled by hairs.
Fruit	Pods brown to nearly black, oblong, (25-)35-80 mm long, 4-12 mm wide, not stipitate.
Seeds	Seeds subglobose to lenticular, 2.5-5 mm in diameter, hilum extending 1/6-1/5 of the circumference.
Chromosomes	2n = 10, 12, 14, 18, 24