| Monocotyledon | Literature for Echinochloa colona
Wagner et al., 1990, 1999; Lorence & Wagner, 2019. |
| Poaceae -- The Grass Family | Bibliography |
| Echinochloa colona | |
Common name(s): jungle-rice |
| General Information | ||
|---|---|---|
| Distribution | Apparently native to the Paleotropics, but now widely distributed.In the Hawaiian Islands, naturalized on Ni`ihau, Kaua`i, O`ahu, Moloka`i, Lana`i, Maui, Kaho`olawe, Hawai`i. | |
| Habit |
Annual; culms tufted, usually reddish
purple, erect, ascending or decumbent
at base, sometimes rooting at proximal
nodes, 20‒60 cm tall, sometimes nodes
conspicuously swollen and usually geniculate, compressed, proximal internodes often exposed. |
|
| Leaves |
Leaves with sheath 3‒8 cm long, compressed, keeled, glabrous; ligule absent; blade green or sometimes with transverse purple bands, flat, 4‒15 cm long, 3‒8 mm wide, often undulate, margin occasionally scabrous, apex
acute. |
|
| Flowers |
Inflorescences paniculate, usually
5‒10(‒15) cm long, green or purple tinged, racemes 5‒9, 1‒2 cm long, the proximal ones to 1 cm apart, distal ones crowded, rachis scaberulous, pedicel short, scaberulous. Spikelets crowded, usually in ca. 4 rows, (1.5‒)2.5‒3 mm long, acute to
cuspidate, rarely with a subulate point to 1 mm long; glumes ovate, hispidulous, apex acute, first glume 1.2‒1.5 mm long, 3-veined, second glume 2.5‒3 mm long, 7-veined; first lemma similar to second glume, first palea ovate, ca. 2 mm long, glabrous; second lemma broadly ovate, ca. 2 mm long, glossy. |
|
| Fruit |
Caryopses whitish, broadly ovate, 1.7‒2 mm long, flat on 1 side. |
|
| Chromosomes |
2n = 30, 36, 48, 52, 54, 56, 72, 96, 108, 130. |
|
| Contributor |
Warren Wagner |
