Literature for Dryopteris fuscoatra Palmer, 2003. Literature for Dryopteris fuscoatra var. fuscoatra Palmer, 2003. Literature for Dryopteris fuscoatra var. lamoureuxii Palmer, 2003.
Dryopteridaceae	Bibliography
Dryopteris fuscoatra

General Information
Distribution	Hawaiian Islands.
Habit	Terrestrial, medium-sized; rhizomes decumbent to erect.
Leaves	Fronds in a shuttlecock arrangement on apexes of rhizomes, 30-80 cm long; stipe green (straw-colored when dry), densely clothed with (but not obscured by) narrow, gray to black, long-tapering scales; blade 1-pinnate-pinnatifid to 1-pinnate-pinnatisect, occasionally 2-pinnate, ovate-lanceolate to long-lanceolate, pale green below, darker green above, chartaceous; rachises adaxially grooved, straw-colored, with many linear-lanceolate, dark gray to brown to black scales; pinnae 16-30 pairs, linear-lanceolate, lowermost pinna pair not or minimally smaller than middle pinnae; ultimate segments elongate slightly falcate, lateral margins entire to slightly crenate, tips truncate to obtuse often with small teeth, segments at bases of pinnae usually not overlapping rachises; veins unforked or often 1-forked.
Sori	Sori submedial to medial, 1-12 per segment in row on both sides of midrib, present on all pinnae, but sometimes sparse or absent on most proximal pinnae; indusia firm, persistent round.
Notes	Latin fuscus, dark, dark brown, + atra black. The namer must have been impressed by the dark scales on this species.
Contributor	Sally Eichhorn