Literature for Argyroxiphium sandwicense Wagner et al., 1990, 1999. Literature for Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum Wagner et al., 1990, 1999. Literature for Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. sandwicense Wagner et al., 1990, 1999.
Asteraceae -- The Sunflower Family	Bibliography
Argyroxiphium sandwicense

General Information
Distribution
Habit	Erect, single-stemmed and monocarpic, or rarely branched and polycarpic rosette shrubs, the rosettes usually epigeal; flowering stems up to nearly 3 m long.
Leaves	Leaves silver, rigid, succulent, narrowly to very narrowly sword-shaped, ± 3-angled in cross section, 15-40 cm long, 0.5-1.5 cm wide at middle, venation obscure, strikingly floccose-silky, becoming increasingly lanate basally, the pubescence totally hiding the surface.
Flowers	Heads showy, usually 50-600 in racemose or partially paniculate inflorescences usually 70-250 cm long, 15-75 cm wide, rachis often sharply ridged by decurrent peduncles, peduncles at times bearing up to 10 smaller capitula in addition to the large terminal one; receptacle convex to conical, 5-23 mm in diameter, false involucral cup consisting of 31-115 receptacular bracts 1-2.4 cm long, some heads bearing up to 20 additional bracts scattered and isolated among disk florets; ray florets 5-45 per head, rays pink to wine-red, showy, usually 3-lobed, narrowly tubular for 3-8 mm basally, apically broadened into a limb 6-20 mm long, 2-6 mm wide; disk florets 50-600 per head, corollas apically pink to wine-red, basally yellowish, usually 5-8 mm long, glabrous throughout or pilosulous at the base; pappus of ray florets reduced to a minute coroniform rim, that of disk achenes consisting of 3-10 scales up to 5 mm long on the dorsal summits.
Fruit	Achenes straight to arcuate, 7-15 mm long.
Chromosomes	2n = 28*