Flora of the Hawaiian Islands --Synonym

Bidens sandvicensis Less. , Linnaea 6: 508. 1831.
Type information:
Holotype [B]. L. C. A. Chamisso s.n.. 1816. O`ahu: s.l..

Note: Holotype presumably destroyed. Neotype to be designated.

Bidens sandvicensis Less. f. compositior O. Deg. & Sherff, in Sherff, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 88: 296. 1929.
Type information:
Holotype [F]. O. Degener and K. Nitta 3411a. 13 January 1929. O`ahu: east rim of Manoa Valley, 1 mi mauka of the University.450m.
=Bidens sandvicensis subsp. sandvicensis

Bidens sandvicensis Less. subsp. confusa Nagata & Ganders, Lyonia 2: 2. 1983.
Type information:
Holotype [BISH]. K. Nagata 2473. 5 June 1982. Kaua`i: Waimea Dist., Koke`e, along Waimea Canyon Road near Canyon Lookout.1005m.
=Bidens sandvicensis subsp. confusa

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. antrorsa O. Deg. & Sherff, in Sherff, Bot. Leafl. 3: 8. 1951.
Type information:
Holotype [F]. O. Degener and W. Hatheway 21183. 19 December 1950. O`ahu: Wailupe Valley.610m.
=Bidens sandvicensis subsp. sandvicensis

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. caduca Sherff, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 85: 7. 1928.
Type information:
Holotype [B]. W. Hillebrand s.n.. 1851- 1871. Moloka`i: s.l..

Note: Holotype presumably destroyed. Photo of holotype, negative no. 49756 (F) seen. Holotype was only known collection.

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. heterophylla A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 128. 1861.
Type information:
Holotype [GH]. J. Rémy 281. 1851 1855. Hawai`i: s.l..
=Bidens micrantha subsp. ctenophylla

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. imminuta O. Deg. & Sherff, in Sherff Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 93: 217. 1932.
Type information:
Holotype [F]. O. Degener , K.K. Park and K. Kwon 4092. 14 November 1931. O`ahu: narrow middle Wai`alae Ridge on grassy, shrubby plateau.1000ft. Isotype(s) [B [PD], BISH! [2], BM, F, G-BOIS, GH, K, MASS!, MO! [2], P, US! [2]].

Note: Check Kwon's initial; published as K. Kwon, but label (in Sherff's handwriting) has M. Kwon. Labels in Degener's hand have no initial. Both BISH sheets ex herb. Degener.

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. leiocarpa O. Deg. & Sherff, in Sherff, Brittonia 12: 175. 1960.
Type information:
Holotype [F]. O. Degener , I. Degener and W. Fleming 25108. 27 March 1959. Maui: West Maui, Honokawai Ditch Trail, sunny ledges.1500ft. Isotype(s) [BISH!, F, MASS!, MO!, NY [mfc!], US].
=Bidens micrantha subsp. micrantha

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. ovatifolia A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 128. 1861.
Type information:
Holotype [US]. U. S. Expl. Exped. s.n.. 1840. O`ahu: s.l..
=Bidens macrocarpa

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. setosa (Sherff) Sherff, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 85: 6. 1928. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands --Basionym
Type Information
Bidens setosa Sherff , Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 70: 103 1920.
Kaua`i: Waimea Drainage Basin, west side. 3-18 July-August 1917. C.N. Forbes 811.K.
Holotype [BISH]. Isotype(s) [BISH! [2], F].

Note: The specimen labels give the date as "July 3 to August 18," but Forbes's field book gives the date as July 7 to August 18.

Bidens sandvicensis Less. var. waimeana (Sherff) Hochr., Candollea 5: 323. 1934. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands --Basionym
Type Information
Bidens waimeana Sherff , Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 76: 164 1923.
Kaua`i: on Kaholuamanoa [Kaholuamanu] above Waimea. 1-8 October 1895. A.A. Heller 2848.
Holotype [MO]. Isotype(s) [BM, F, GH, K, LE, MIN!, NY [mfc!, photo BISH!], UC, US!].

Note: Sherff did not annotate the holotype, but he did write "=Type!" on the photos of the holotype. Heller did not cite this collection, and we have no evidence that any collections with this number were made on other dates.

*Verification: Wagner, W.L. & R.K. Shannon. 1999. Brittonia 51:422-438.