Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Literature for Viola chamissoniana
Wagner et al., 1990, 1999. Literature for Viola chamissoniana subsp. chamissoniana
Wagner et al., 1990, 1999. Literature for Viola chamissoniana subsp. robusta
Wagner et al., 1990, 1999. Literature for Viola chamissoniana subsp. tracheliifolia
Wagner et al., 1990, 1999.
   Violaceae -- The Violet Family Bibliography
      Viola chamissoniana
General Information
Distribution
Habit
Slender, few-branched or unbranched shrubs, from a taproot; stems rooting along lower part when decumbent, glabrous or pubescent.
Leaves
Leaves usually clustered toward upper part of branch, deltate-ovate to deltate-cordate or rarely cordate, (3-)5-29 cm long, (2-)2.5-9 cm wide, glabrous or lower surface pubescent, margins dentate-serrate, apex long-acuminate or acuminate, base cordate to truncate or occasionally very broadly cuneate, petioles (0.6-)1.5-8 cm long, stipules asymmetrically broadly deltate or deltate, 5-16 mm long, 2-7 mm wide, remotely glandular-toothed and ± somewhat irregularly lacerate near apex, rarely further down along margins.
Flowers
Flowers apparently all chasmogamous, 1-2(-4) per peduncle, axillary on stems and lateral branches, peduncles 8-60 mm long, pedicels 20-70 mm long; sepals linear-lanceolate, glabrous or pubescent, margins ± ciliate, upper sepal ca. 5-8 mm long, lateral ones ca. 5.5-9 mm long, lower ones ca. 5-8 mm long; petals white tinged purple, especially toward base, lower surface usually tinged darker purple, obliquely spatulate, ± ciliate toward base, upper petals 10-21 mm long, lateral ones 10.5-23 mm long, lower one 11.3-22.5 mm long, saccate at base; stamens 4.2-4.5 mm long, connective of lower ones prolonged into a nose-shaped or straight, broadly rectangular-cuneate structure ca. 1-2.5 mm long.
Fruit
Capsules (10-)12-17(-20) mm long.
Seeds
Seeds dark brown to nearly black, obovoid, 1.8-2.3 mm long.
Chromosomes
2n = ca. 76*, subsp. robusta; 2n = 80*, subsp. tracheliifolia.